English Language Learners Essay -- Education, ESL

Presently there is a rising number of English Language Learners (ELLs) entering into classrooms all over the country. According to the three research studies that I utilized, there are several varied assessment approaches for teaching ELLs in reading (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006; Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009; Ebe, 2010). English Language Learners (ELLs) consistently struggle with some aspects of reading because, they lack background knowledge in terms of the generalized text selections, which they are often given (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006; Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009; Ebe, 2010). The data across all three journal documents agrees that there is an achievement gap where ELLs are consistently performing at lower levels than their native-born English-speaking peers (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006; Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009; Ebe, 2010). Researchers seem to vary on how to instruct, and assess st udents who are ELLs. One element that all of the authors concentrated on was seeking out the best practice(s) for using assessments to create effective instruction for ELLS (Davis-Lenksi, Ehlers-Zavla, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, (2006), Dreher, & Letcher-Gray (2009) and Ebe 2010). There are 4.5 million ELLS currently enrolled in the public school systems in the United States, and the numbers are continuously rising due to the more than 1 million people who immigrant here each year (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006). Many teachers find themselves in unknown territory when it comes to instructing and assessing ELLs (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006). The passing of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) furth... ...lready stated, and all of them also have different assessment approaches included in their articles too. After reading all of the information I must say I think that all of the assessments, and the strategies and tools associated with the articles, are all borne out of research-based instructional, and assessment methods and therefore; they are all relevant to working with ELLs per literacy (Davis-Lenski, Ehlers-Zavala, Daniel, & Sun-Irminger, 2006; Dreher, & Letcher-Gray, 2009; Ebe, 2010). I don’t think any one of the assessments profiled in the three articles I researched, is anything better than the other. However I also think that although all of the techniques discussed are good solid research-based assessment tools; one still has to understand that they will require applications which are well structured, and the most appropriate for that specific student.

Generational Poverty Essay

Special populations refers to â€Å"disadvantaged groups† in our society. It examines the effects society has on person or persons. This can consist of generation poverty, the aged or elderly, and women. These populations face complex challenges in their daily lives. Economic instability, lack of resources, lack of education and lack of unity from society keeps special population groups in hardships. Generational poverty involves special population of poor people. It is cycle of poverty wherein two to three generations were born and lived in poverty. Complex factors are involved that hinders them from striving to attain advantages that other groups may enjoy. People in generation poverty focus on survival and live in the now. They do not plan because they live in the present time and do not plan for the future. They live on day to day survival and live in the moment. Any situation that they are exposed to is met with a reactive mentality. This leads to lack of organization and planning their life and their family’s life for proactive living. Further, their money is for entertainment and to entertain others. They sometimes create and accomplish short term outcomes for immediate gratification. People become their possession, on the other hand, in middle and upper class, they focus on material security. The middle class plans for the future and the wealth plans for the future and involved themselves into politics. Due to lack of a good solid education, many people of generational poverty are unable to communicate effectively therefore they become anger. Parents of poverty do not want their children to receive an education, because they might leave home if they are educated. In addition they have a lack of value in education. Poverty learns from poverty whereas they all adopt the poverty norm. Most parents only have an elementary education and cannot read or do math. They raise their kids not empathizing the importance of an education. Many students do not assign value to school work or to their education. School tardiness and absences are excessive due to transportation issues or parents lack of involvement. Parents who did poorly in school do not put a great emphasis on their children to succeed in school. Students have access to poor quality school resources. They are less likely to find out about the world, obtain job skills, and relying heavily on peers and parents for social and emotional support. Investing in good schools, teachers, lunches, exposure to a structure lifestyle, and relationships could help poor students break the cycle of poverty. As for the lack of an education, families of generation poverty rely heavily on body language to communicate with others and the men constantly display a defensive stance when in public. They do not use specific jargon as like educated people who uses specific words and extensive vocabulary to display their intelligence. Emotions are usually openly displayed. Conflict resolution for the poor is usually physical fighting than verbal fighting or going to court. Likewise, parental poverty effects the motivation of the children. Tools are very limited or do not exist in the socio-environment, so the concept of repair and fix it does not carry any priority in the day to day life activities. Also, food becomes a necessity and valued for its quantity rather than is quality. Many people living in poverty consume a lot of cheap junk food which contributes to childhood obesity. The middle and uppers class eats for quality and presentation. Furthermore, there are a lack of low skill jobs for the poor. They work in manual labor jobs with low wages that do not require specific skills. Due to industrialization, mining and the auto line industry are closing down. Economy shifted from manufacturing to a service economy, those who could not shift to the shift were left behind. Due to lack of education they are unable to perform in the mainstream job market to conduct business transactions, count, and resolve complex problems. Also, culture and genes interact with one another to influence people’s learning and the ability to make a living. Many children are third or fourth generation of poverty. Many just settle for the status quo instead of not taking the education opportuni ty. Some become teenage mothers, drop out of school, and/or drink or take street drugs. On the other hand, many rely on welfare to live and take pride on needed assistance. Some want get a job or do not think they need a job. Also they feel that society owes them a living. Many do not have the access to resources to locate or search jobs as the middle class and the upper class. ————————————————- Must be given the opportunity and resources to break the cycle of poverty. One must be motivated, hopeful, and willing to learn for a better future. A good solid education provides the poor the steps necessary for to open doors they would never been able to open before for a successful life. ——————————– Another special population group is the aged or elderly. The aged or elderly population faces an array of challenges when there is lack of access to employment. The aged are faced with ageism. Many employers are looking to hire younger employees to replace the aged or elder employees with cheaper salary. Younger employees are usually hired for their fresh perspective and eagerness to learn. Many aged workers are solicited by their employers for early retirement with sometimes a substantial payout. Many are retiring before the normal Social Security age of 65-67 years old. Once the aged is retired or laid off it is difficult to find work elsewhere due to active age discrimination. Many employers view the old employers especially the baby boomers as too rigid, failing health, lack of enthusiasm, afraid of new technologies, do not want to learn new training (stuck in old ways), and expensive to keep. Many aged people are viewing job advertisements with pictures of younger employees. In addition, the aged are facing high cost of medical insurance and healthcare. With the obstacles in the job market, the aged could possibly experience social isolationism, low self-esteem, and financial hardship. ————————————————- On the same token, women face unique challenges that throughout their different life stages that places them into the Special Population group when compared to men. Women still face challenges today in areas of social, economic, sports, political and cultural despite the fact that there has been success in empowering women and shattering the glass ceiling for employment promotions. They live 7 years longer than men, make up majority of the world’s population but yet they are greatly ignored. Some women are subjected to part time jobs and lower wage position than their male counterparts. Likewise, women face ageism and sexism in the media on the average profile of a woman. —————————————- Singled and divorced women are most likely to have low paying jobs than men. This causes a financial strain on the women to pay for households bills and to pay for childcare. Women still earn less than their male counterparts. A man would be hired most likely to be promoted and/or receive a managerial or executive position than a woman. ————————————————- In regards to young girls they face ageism whereas people may think they are untrustworthy, shifty and unreliable. Girls who want to play sports especially on a boys team may be assessed by the players and coach as incapable of keeping up too weak to play the sport. In school, boys are judged as good in math and girls are not. ————————————————- If a woman is in her child rearing age, she could face pregnancy discrimination. With 12 weeks paid leave, the woman could face repercussions from co-workers or administration. Some women feel that having a baby would be putting their career on hold. Most women have to take on the role of raising and caring for the children. Most single parent household are run by women. ————————————————- Also, women in their 20-30s are subjected to domestic violence. Domestic abuse is on a decline, however, women are still at a high risk for abuse. Women in this age group are usually majority of the time victims or assault and battery and rape. ————————————————- Women married for 30 plus years are unable to provide for themselves if they spouse leaves them. For years that have adopted their husband’s identity as their own. Therefore, these women have difficulty with self-independence. If a women because ill, it is more likely that her spouse will abandon her. Women mostly likely will stay and provide health care and nurturing to their ailing spouse. In addition women over 50 will most likely care for their ailing parent and handle the parent’s finances. Older women are seen as unhealthy and sexless. After age 50, women are seen as invisible. They start to believe that their voice or concern is no longer valuable. However, they are viewed as ineffective and dependent on others during their later years. Women have more chronic illnesses than men; men usually acute illnesses. Medical coverage usually covers health care treatment for acute illnesses that men usually acquire. Therefore if a women requires long term care in a nursing home, medical coverage may run out or does not cover the stay. All in all, Special Populations could be apply to any person; everyone has unique needs and advantages/disadvantages from another person or group. We all have challenges; some people are apparent, whereas others are not. Their challenges affect their life adversely. My perspective is that I am going to be cognizant of everyone’s physical challenges and establish cultural competence. My goal will get them to live a more vigorous, productive, and striving lifestyle. I have to effectively assess the needs of my clients and how they are underserved in their community to utilize the tools necessary to address their needs. I want to relate to my clients that having and education and a productive lifestyle is attainable. Everyone is accorded the same rights and opportunities regardless of your challenges. Some people may requires special services to help them attain those rights.

How Philanthropy Is An Effort Or Act Of Good - 1247 Words

IV. RELATIONSHIPS A. Philanthropy Philanthropy is an effort or act of good will to help others by performing a direct service to people or organizations or by raising money for a worthy cause. Philanthropy is an opportunity for all of us to live our Kappa values. Kappa members believe that philanthropy — or mutual helpfulness — is an important value. Raise awareness of the needs of others by participating in local campus and community philanthropy events, monetarily contributing to the Kappa Kappa Gamma Foundation and supporting our national partner, Reading Is Fundamental. The Kappa Kappa Gamma Foundation Every alumnae association is encouraged to make a donation to the Foundation each fiscal year. The Foundation relies on the loyalty and support of chapters, associations and individual members through contributions to fund Kappa’s educational programs, scholarships, financial aid and preservation of Kappa heritage. For more information about the Kappa Kappa Gamma Foundation’s programs or how to support them, review the Foundation section of this Alumnae Association Manual or visit www.kappa.org/foundation. Reading Is Fundamental Kappa Kappa Gamma adopted Reading Is Fundamental as our national philanthropy in 2004. RIF’s goal is to serve the nation’s underserved children and families through the development and delivery of literacy programs and campaigns that motivate youth to read regularly. Formed in 1966, RIF’s highest priority is reaching underserved childrenShow MoreRelatedBp ( British Petroleum )1344 Words   |  6 PagesBP did extensive test to assure the public that this new pipeline posed no hazard to the environment and that there was an intense level of commitment and focus (Thorne, p. 587 2014). 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Despite the indisputable benefits of marketing to companies and consumers, the occasional antagonistic motives behind its evident necessity is a point of interest because of how mar keting approaches are being utilised as a transmission channel for corporations to promote unhealthy competition, such as eliciting the disrepute of another brand or falsifying product specifications for higher turnover, or induce psychological andRead MoreThe Economy Of Honours1650 Words   |  7 PagesDemosthenes claimed that the economy of honours was democratic because it allowed the population to reward individuals for helping to preserve democracy through philanthropy. Benefactors or euergetes were encouraged to donate to their city by being rewarded with various honours. The orator opposed Leptines law, which made no-one exempt from liturgies as he believed that exemptions were one way of honouring men who had helped to preserve democracy (Demosthenes Against Leptines, 17). One

Mgt 426 Week 2 Team Assignment - 1458 Words

Managing Change Paper Part I Managing Change Paper Part I Intro In recent years, the world has seen significant changes in technology. With new technology come new challenges. One of those new challenges is identity theft. Identity theft can happen through the internet, ATM, emails, or even a phone. Identity theft can happen when any person(s) takes an individual’s information, such as their Social Security number, or even banking information for financial gain. â€Å"Close to 100 million Americans have their personal information placed at risk of theft each year when records in databases are lost, stolen or accessed by unauthorized individuals† (Information systems and technology, n.d.). Identity theft not only costs the person, whose†¦show more content†¦To elaborate further, a banking representative is required to present or extend some kind of product referral after every conversation. The representative makes the referral and phrases something incorrectly. If the consumer misinterprets the information and later dispute s the validity of a debt, a lawsuit will arise. Most of the time, if the expense is petty, a firm will pay out a demand without dispute. If the issue goes to court and is pursued, the conversation between the representative and the consumer will be reviewed and interpreted in favor of the consumer. As a result of common complacency issues, the government imposed regulations to reduce the frequency of claims. Preventing unnecessary suits, fees, or fines is a priority amongst all financial institutions and Sun Trust should have incorporated such external influences in their risk register along with contingencies to resolve the issues and implement preventative measures. Internal Change Agent Internal change agents are normally used to work on long term outcome changes. They have relationships built with many people from different departments of the organization. Internal agents have the current vision and what’s expected for the future. They have knowledge of how the systems currently work and what’s expected later as technology change. They understand the direction the organization is headed in and what support is needed to get there. Internal change agentsShow MoreRelatedIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words   |  679 PagesSingapore Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education Canada, Ltd. Pearson Education—Japan Pearson Education Australia Pty. Limited Pearson Education North Asia Ltd. Pearson Educacià ³n de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. Pearson Education Malaysia Pte. Ltd. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN-13: 978-0-13-233761-8 ISBN-10: 0-13-233761-4 From the Library of Girro@qq.com PREFACE Introduction to Materials Management is an introductory text written for students in community colleges and universities. It is used in technical programsRead More THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES65118 Words   |  261 Pagescopyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: e-theses.admin@dur.ac.uk Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES by Chris Shiuan En LEE A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfilment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctorate of Education Durham University December 2009 i

Thesis Recycling - 1677 Words

Recycling Thesis Statement Recycling is valuable and is one of the most important movements to be encouraged in the 21st century. Introduction Recycling can be described as the process of recovering and reusing waste products from household use, manufacturing, agriculture, and business and thereby reducing their burden on the environment (Recycling, 2009). The concept of recycling popped up during World War I and World War II when the world faced a shortage of essential commodities and this lack of necessary materials led to the collection of required stuff. In the contemporary period, recycling has become a worthwhile and meaningful process that ensures environmental benefits. The waste management programs now employ recycling as a major requisite (Recycling, 2009). Recycling A Vital Need of the Time For the past many years, the basic form of recycling consisted of direct recycling by manufacturers of surplus, imperfect or malfunctioning materials. During the 1990s, however, indirect recycling also became a major form of recycling. Indirect recycling is, in fact, the recycling of materials after they are being consumed by the users. Regrettably, most solid waste has been made a part of landfills or dumps after its deposition in such areas. Consequently, it has led to the filling up of landfills and this dumping of wastes has led to a number of environmental problems. Recycling is the solution to such disposal. It has been found out by the industriesShow MoreRelatedRecycling Informative Speech947 Words   |  4 Pages Is Recycling Important? Attention Getter: According to epa.gov, â€Å"Each person in the United States produces an average of 4 pounds of household hazardous waste each year for a total of about 530,000 tons/year.† Background: Trash continues to increase, as the world continues to last. Easy disposable products such as water bottles and soda cans has led to increasing amount of pollution around the world. 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The most commonly recycled materials include paper, glass, plastic, and metals. Materials may be used to make more of its original product or to make something entirely new. For example, recycled aluminum cans are often made into new cans, while recycled class may be made into paving material. Recycling does not always save money immediately, it provides

Selected Using The Random Sampling Method â€myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Selected Using The Random Sampling Method? Answer: Introducation The study included participants from South Australia who used bicycles to either go to work or in doing their daily cores. A sample of thirty participants was selected using the random sampling method. This method was selected because it gives every participant a chance to be included in the study and hence reduces bias in any study (Fraley Hudson, 2014). Also, the random sampling method is based on probability hence the researcher is able to choose participants in a simple way by just assigning unique numbers then choosing the participants based on the probability and this process saves a lot of time. The participants chosen were aged between twelve to forty five-years of age and they had been cycling for at least one hour each day hence the sample included participants who were used to cycling but what differed is the number of hours each participant cycled per day. The health back ground of the participants was first examined to meet the requirements for the study. All the participants were not supposed to have any health problems diseases related to obesity. This requirement was necessary because it would help to get healthcare participants hence the results of the study would be very reliable. The data collected was numerical since the study was quantitative. Many scholars encourage the use of numerical data in quantitative studies because its analysis is very simple and it allows comparison hence leading to scientific conclusions which are reliable (Treiman, 2014). Questioners were used as the main tool for data collection. Those questioners were hand delivered to the participants and all the questions included were aimed at collecting scale data. the participants were supposed to record the duration they cycle every day in hours and then their level of Caroline was measured. Also, before the recording of the Caroline levels examinations were done to determine the health background of the participants. After the collection of the data, the researchers went ahead with the process of data cleaning. First, the data was transformed to digital through entering it into Microsoft Excel software where it was saved. After the creation of the excel file, the data was transferred to SPSS software for cleaning and analysis. in this section, the data was cleaned to remove any operations and to see if there are any participants who did not respond to the questioners. This enabled the researchers to estimate the reliability of the data. The process of data analysis was then carried out. Data analysis is the transformation of raw data into reliable information by use of scientific methods and statistical tools. Correlation was used to estimate if there was any relationship between the average number of hours a participant cycled per day and the level of Caroline in the body. SPSS was used to carry out the analysis due to its advanced features which make it easy to carry out the analysis efficiently and in a logical manner. Also, it allows one to compare many variables at once hence making it the best software to use. References Fraley, R. C., Hudson, N. W. (2014). Accounting of intensive longitudinal methods: An introduction to diary and experience sampling research. Treiman, D. J. (2014).Quantitative data analysis: Doing social research to test ideas. John Wiley management

The Myth of the Plague of Sexual Harassment Essay Example For Students

The Myth of the Plague of Sexual Harassment Essay One of the most talked-about issues of the past few years has been the issue of sexual harassment, and it supposed prevalence in all workplaces. Pushed to the national spotlight by the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings, in which Ms. Hill accused her boss Justice Thomas of sexual harassment, it has become popular belief that sexual harassment occurs in all workplaces, and that the vast majority of female office -workers have been sexually harassed. Feminist groups have taken in upon themselves to interject in many offices, leading sensitivity training sessions on sexual harassment, and promoting the cause of those who charge others with sexual harassment. Despite the claims of feminist groups about merely educating and sensitizing people on sexual harassment, the new state guidelines have only succeeded in trivializing the issue, and are actually very detrimental to powerful women. We will write a custom essay on The Myth of the Plague of Sexual Harassment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now According to a pamphlet by the California Department of Fair Employment and Housing, one of the legally defined situations of sexual harassment involves such verbal conduct as making or using derogatory comments, epithets, slurs, and jokes. While such examples of speech may be considered offensive or crude behavior, it is not the role of the federal, state, or county government to legislate what people can say, and where they can say these things. By adopting verbal comments as part of the state guidelines on sexual harassment, the state of California is actually encouraging stifling free speech, which should be considered unconstitutional. If a woman walks in on a conversation between co-workers in an office, in which sexual jokes and lewd comments are featured, this does not constitute sexual harassment. Katie Roiphe, author of The Morning After: Sex, Fear, and Feminism, states it best when she proclaims that feminists.. .seem to have forgotten childhoods words of wisdom: sticks and stones may break my bones, but names will never harm me (101). If a woman or man finds particular speech, jokes, or comments offensive, they should speak up, and voice their opposition, instead of crying harassment and calling their lawyer. As renegade feminist professor and society critic Camille Paglia proclaimed, in her book Vamps and Tramps, If someone offends you by speech you must learn to defend yourself by speech and not beg for outside help to curtail your opponents free movement (51). Sexual Harassment is Forbidden by Law continues its definition of sexual harassment, by proclaiming that verbal sexual advances or propositions are considered sexual harassment in California. While many people may consider this sexual harassment, this should be looked at as more about every day, normal behavior being considered criminal. If one finds another person attractive, regardless of position of power or status, a proposition is generally issued for a date, dinner, or cocktails. Asking your secretary out on a date is not sexual harassment, just as it would not be sexual harassment if the secretary asked the boss or co-worker out on a date. It should not be considered sexual harassment unless work-related advancement is denied to whomever refused the date offer. Author Katie Roiphe contends that a proposition for a date is normal, healthy behavior between a man and a woman. To find wanted sexual attention, you have to give and receive a certain amount of unwanted sexual attention. Clearly, the truth is that if no one was ever allowed to risk offering unsolicited sexual attention, we would all be solitary creatures (Roiphe 87). None of us would exist if no one ever risked unwanted sexual advances. The criminalization of innocent date propositions is another example of the trivialization of sexual harassment. By focusing on this type of proposition as typical of sexual harassment, feminists are demonstrating that their objective is not stamping out sexual harassment, but stamping out innocent heterosexual behavior. .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb , .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .postImageUrl , .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb , .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb:hover , .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb:visited , .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb:active { border:0!important; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb:active , .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u80e6fea15c8f7b3262424fb773dcfacb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Trail of tears Essay One final example of the extreme nature of the sexual harassment guidelines is its characterization of such visual conduct as leering, making sexual gestures, displaying of sexually suggestive objects or pictures, cartoons or posters as sexual harassment. It astounds me that anyone could support such a Stalinesque proposal. The banning of sexually suggestive objects or posters is a clear violation of our constitutional rights of freedom of speech and expression. As Camille Paglia once wrote, we can never fully legislate the human psyche (Vamps and Tramps, 47). Who is to determine what constitutes leering? This is, as Katie Roiphe wrote, an ominous, not to mention difficult, prospect (91). Our courts will be even more inundated with frivolous claims of sexual harassment, charging some man walking down the hall . The Myth of the Plague of Sexual Harassment Essay Example For Students The Myth of the Plague of Sexual Harassment Essay One of the most talked-about issues of the past few years has been the issue ofsexual harassment, and it supposed prevalence in all workplaces. Pushed to the nationalspotlight by the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings, in which Ms. Hill accused her bossJustice Thomas of sexual harassment, it has become popular belief that sexual harassmentoccurs in all workplaces, and that the vast majority of female office -workers have beensexually harassed. Feminist groups have taken in upon themselves to interject in manyoffices, leading sensitivity training sessions on sexual harassment, and promoting thecause of those who charge others with sexual harassment. Despite the claims of feministgroups about merely educating and sensitizing people on sexual harassment, the newstate guidelines have only succeeded in trivializing the issue, and are actually verydetrimental to powerful women. According to a pamphlet by the California Department of Fair Employment andHousing, one of the legally defined s ituations of sexual harassment involves such verbalconduct as making or using derogatory comments, epithets, slurs, and jokes. While suchexamples of speech may be considered offensive or crude behavior, it is not the role ofthe federal, state, or county government to legislate what people can say, and where theycan say these things. By adopting verbal comments as part of the state guidelines onsexual harassment, the state of California is actually encouraging stifling free speech,which should be considered unconstitutional. If a woman walks in on a conversationbetween co-workers in an office, in which sexual jokes and lewd comments are featured,this does not constitute sexual harassment. Katie Roiphe, author of The Morning After:Sex, Fear, and Feminism, states it best when she proclaims that feministsseem to haveforgotten childhoods words of wisdom: sticks and stones may break my bones, but nameswill never harm me (101). If a woman or man finds particular speech, jokes, orcomments o ffensive, they should speak up, and voice their opposition, instead of cryingharassment and calling their lawyer. As renegade feminist professor and society criticCamille Paglia proclaimed, in her book Vamps and Tramps, If someone offends you byspeech you must learn to defend yourself by speechand not beg for outside help tocurtail your opponents free movement (51). Sexual Harassment is Forbidden by Law continues its definition of sexualharassment, by proclaiming that verbal sexual advances or propositions are consideredsexual harassment in California. While many people may consider this sexual harassment,this should be looked at as more about every day, normal behavior being consideredcriminal. If one finds another person attractive, regardless of position of power or status, aproposition is generally issued for a date, dinner, or cocktails. Asking your secretary outon a date is not sexual harassment, just as it would not be sexual harassment if thesecretary asked the boss or co-wo rker out on a date. It should not be considered sexualharassment unless work-related advancement is denied to whomever refused the dateoffer. Author Katie Roiphe contends that a proposition for a date is normal, healthybehavior between a man and a woman. To find wanted sexual attention, you have to giveand receive a certain amount of unwanted sexual attention. Clearly, the truth is that if noone was ever allowed to risk offering unsolicited sexual attention, we would all besolitary creatures (Roiphe 87). None of us would exist if no one ever risked unwantedsexual advances. The criminalization of innocent date propositions is another example ofthe trivialization of sexual harassment. By focusing on this type of proposition as typicalof sexual harassment, feminists are demonstrating that their objective is not stamping outsexual harassment, but stamping out innocent heterosexual behavior. We will write a custom essay on The Myth of the Plague of Sexual Harassment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One final example of the extreme nature of the sexual harassment guidelines is itscharacterization of such visual conduct as leering, making sexual gestures, displaying ofsexually suggestive objects or pictures, cartoons or posters as sexual harassment. Itastounds me that anyone could support such a Stalinesque proposal. The banning ofsexually suggestive objects or posters is a clear violation of our constitutional rights offreedom of speech and expression. As Camille Paglia once wrote, we can never fullylegislate the human psyche (Vamps and Tramps, 47). Who is to determine whatconstitutes leering? This is, as Katie Roiphe wrote, an ominous, not to mention difficult,prospect (91). Our courts will be even more inundated with frivolous claims of sexualharassment, charging some man walking down the hall with harassment because hestared at her, or undressed her with his eyes. Imagine what such threats will do thesupposed team office environment. Instead of concentrating on producing the bestproduct possible, or in the best customer service, our offices will be focusing onmonitoring who watches what or whom, when, and how. If leering were a crime, then allof us would probably be in jail, charged with sexual harassment. As to the banning ofsexually suggestive posters or objects in the office, it astounds me that anyone would feelharassed by some little sexual toy on someones desk, or a pin-up photo on the lockerroom door. The last time I checked, the women who are complaining about such pin-upphotos or sexual toys cannot legally be prevented from putting up their own pin-ups orsexual toys. Apart from that, this part of the sexual harassment guidelines will lead tomuch absurdity and trouble, such as female students feeling sexually harassed byaphoto ofa graduate student bikini-clad wife (Paglia 50). While women who are reallybeing harassed see no action on their case, the women who are supposedly harassed by asexually explicit picture of a wife or girlfriend see immed iate action. This is anotherexample of the absurdity and ill feelings that such guidelines will bring to the officeenvironment. Many other issues related to sexual harassment demonstrate the extremes andabsurdities that advocates of the new sexual harassment guidelines are willing to advance,such as the wide use of sensitivity training in many offices, coporations, and agencies. .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 , .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .postImageUrl , .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 , .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39:hover , .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39:visited , .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39:active { border:0!important; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39:active , .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39 .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3d8968e71f953b2f3f3be138e5512c39:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Biotechnology EssaySensitivity training, which emerged as a widely used technique out of the ClarenceThomas-Anita Hill case, supposedly sensitizes men to the plight women face by sexualharassment. Yet, instead of legitimate education, sensitivity training becomes a way ofseeing the world, rather than a way of targeting specific contemptible behaviors (Roiphe100). Sensitivity training often includes role-playing exercises, such as that in the FAAexercise, in which men were pressured to walk through a line of female controllers whofondled their private parts and rated their sexual attributes (Men Sue FAA, A12). Christina Hoff -Sommers, author of the best-selling book, Who Stole Feminism, wasquoted in the Wall Street Journal as saying that most men and women in a workplaceenvironment can usually agree on core behavior they view as unacceptablebut some(sensitivity) trainers take the most thin-skinned, chronically offended person in a groupas the norm' (Olson A13). How does this type of indoctrination help to sensitize men orcondemn sexually harassing behavior? By choosing a thin-skinned person or theaverage man as a typical harasser, the feminists running these sensitivity trainingprograms are merely relaying stereotypes and propaganda to their predominantly maleaudiences, not realistic examples or helpful information. Instead of having a healthydialogue on what constitutes sexual harassment, or each persons perception ofharassment, these sensitivity training programs often result in an intolerance of diversityof points of view, leaving the audience not really want(ing) to object (Olson A13). Innot allowing an open debate on sexual harassment, feminists are merely just relaying theirview own, broadly defined of sexual harassment, regardless of reality. An open debate onsexual harassment in these sessions would be healthy, since all points of view would bewelcome, and all would get a better understanding of the issues and feelings. Thus, opendebate would actually sensitize people to the plight of victims of sexual harassment. Allof us would agree that harassment is horrid and must be condemned and halted. Giving afeminist a bully pulpit to sprout stereotypes about harassers, subjecting their students tooffensive language, situations and examples, does not do anything to educate aboutharassment, and actually introduces more tension, and lack of cohesion in the officeenvironment. Another issue related to sexual harassment is the view that women are sopowerless that they cannot withstand the advances of even subordinates without legalaction. Anita Hill, the darling of the f eminist-sexual harassment movement of the early1990s, proclaimed in a speech that women who report harassment often blamethemselves, a factor she attribute(s) to powerlessness' (Decker B6). This statementseems extremely degrading to women to assume that they are so weak and powerless thatthey cannot even reject innocent advances from their students, co-workers, or bosses. Camille Paglia put it best, when she stated that women are being returned to their oldstatus of delicate flowers who must be protected from assault by male lechers(and, thus)it is anti-feminist to ask for special treatment for women (Sex, Art, 47). Women havemade historical advances over the past twenty-five years, requiring them to have strongcharacter, will power, and great courage. For the feminist movement, which has been thesupposed champion of the advancement of all women, to proclaim that women are sodelicate and weak that they need special protection to repel these innocent advancesseems to go against everything the feminist movement has stood for. Great faith must beplaced in working women that they are strong and tough enough to repel date or sexualpropositions from their co-workers or students. Aside from that, women do have aresponsibility to define what (they) will and will not tolerate (Sex, Art, 47). If theperson who proposes is not given a clear signal that this behav ior is unacceptable,unwanted, or undesirable, how is that person to know to halt the behavior? Sexual harassment is widely viewed by many feminists as a national crisis, inwhich a majority of women have been supposedly been sexually harassed. Yet, thefeminist statisticians on sexual harassment report widely conflicting views of theprevalence of sexual harassment. The New York Times reported that 40 to 70 percent ofworking women have experienced some form of sexual harassment,but only 50 suitswere filed in fiscal year 1996 (Lewin, A18). Katie Roiphe writes of 88 percent ofPrincetons female students experiencing some form of sexual harassment(yet)Catherine MacKinnon (states) that only 7.8% of women in the United States are notsexually assaulted or harassed in their lifetimes (99-100). The wide variety in statisticsproves that feminists view what most consider innocent, everyday behavior as sexualharassment, even when consent is involved. If you consider leering, or lewd verbalcomments as elements of sexual harassment, then most of us have probably been sexuallyharassed at one point in our lifetime. Catherine MacKinnon has stated that feminismstresses the indistinguishability of prostitution, marriage, and sexual harassment (Brock385). Considering this statement, its easy to see how many leading feminists can come upwith the view that over eighty percent of women in this nation have been sexuallyharassed. Women leading normal lives, who tolerate or participate in telling lewd jokes orsexual conversations are considered to be sexually harassed, according to people like Ms. .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 , .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .postImageUrl , .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 , .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648:hover , .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648:visited , .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648:active { border:0!important; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648:active , .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648 .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0525045edb5e495615da11b285657648:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Modest Proposal: The Environment EssayMacKinnon. It would be interesting to see what Ms. MacKinnon would do whensomeone actually is assaulted, raped, or denied advancement as a result of sexual matters. That person would probably be ignored. Those in favor of the new sexual harassment guidelines, are creating an officeenvironment that is much more hostile to men than women, and may actually beencouraging reverse sexual harassment. Feminists always consider men potentialoppressors, and that given a chance, men will always sexually harass a woman, accordingto feminist definitions of sexual harassment. As a result, men are afraid to speak up in theoffice, or disagree with any woman, for fear of being labeled a sexual harasser. NationalReview best described the current situation the new sexual harassment guidelines haveimposed on many offices. Men are doubly penalized by the current alarm about sexual harassment. On theone hand, they are weakened to any office encounter with a woman because shealways holds the harassment trump card. On the other hand, the current interpretation of harassment law gives women license to say and do things in theworkplace to which men cannot respond in kind. There is an open hostility towardmen in many workplaces, and no one is rushing to document or change it (59).It sounds as if these new sexual harassment guidelines are encouraging reverseharassment on the part of women against men. Where is the call for sensitivity training ofwomen? Where are the calls for legislation outlawing looking at men, or saying anythingprovocative or unsolicited to them? This is clearly an example of a movement that hasgotten out of hand into an anti-male frenzy, ignoring any evidence contrary to theirposition. The movement for new guidelines on sexual harassment is detrimental to officecohesion, degrades the adva ncement of women, assuming their lack of power. Leaders ofthis movement assume that all males are potential harassers, and that they will harassinnocent females given a chance, according to their definitions. Instead of legislatingunconstitutional measures that stifles free speech and free expression, feminist leadersshould encourage an open forum on sexual harassment in many offices, which is the onlytrue way for all to gain and understanding of the issue at hand, and truly becomesensitized. Works Cited1. Brock, David. The Real Anita Hill. New York: The Free Press, 1993. 2. California Department of Fair Employment and Housing. Sexual Harassment isForbidden By Law. Pamphlet, Dec. 1998. 3. Decker, Cathleen. We Believe You, 900 Women Tell Anita Hill at Convention. LosAngeles Times 16 Nov. 1991: B6. 4. Lewin, Tamar. A Case Study of Sexual Harassment. New York Times 11 Nov. 1997:A18. 5. Luthar, Harsh and Anthony Townsend. Man Handling. National Review 6 Feb. 1997:58-60. 6. Men Sue FAA, Say They Were Groped. Los Angeles Times 8 Sep. 1994: A12. 7. Olson, Walter. When Sensitivity Training Is the Law. Wall Street Journal 20 Jan. 1993: A13. 8. Paglia, Camille. Sex, Art, and American Culture. New York: Vintage Press, 1992. 9. Paglia, Camille. Vamps and Tramps. New York: Vintage Press, 1994. 10. Roiphe, Katie. The Morning After: Sex, Fear, and Feminism. Boston: Little, Brown Company, 1993.